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With Deschampsia patches on north facing slope flushed by seepage water and enriched by marble outcrops and debris, Alt. c. 30 ft. Slope of ridge running inland from Thulla Point, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Stony slope, Alt. 75 ft. Coast near Port Jebsen, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

In Bartramia growing in seepage area, Alt. 500 ft. North-west side Gull Lake, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

In small, meltwater pool, Alt. 500 ft. North-west side Gull Lake, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Submerged in stream, Alt. 120 ft. Running parallel to shore of Moraine Fjord, Dartmouth Point, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Submerged in pool amongst Rostkovia, Alt. c. 10 ft. Behind beach, north of Horse Head, south shore of King Edward Cove, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

South facing ash slope, Alt. 50 ft. Immediately north of plain between the two lagoons, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

Moist soil, Alt. 5-25 m. Island to west of Dismal Island, Faure Islands, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

Large peaty moss bed dissected by melt water streams. Alt. 10m. 1km. E of Cape Obelisk, James Ross Island, Trinity Peninsula. Antarctic Peninsula

Flat to rolling slope. Soil fairly dry. Mix of large rocks, small rocks, stones,lappili. Extensive cover, usually in the bottom of slight depressions. Alt. 8m. By lake behind Argentine Station. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

Amongst Rostkovia at edge of stream, Alt. c. 100 ft. North end of Olsen Valley, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

Understorey to Blechnum and Agrostis, Alt. 50 m. North-facing slopes of valley south of Pointe du "Bougainville", east of Pt. 193, Possession Island. Crozet

360 cm depth in core taken from bottom of Lake "Zano" at a depth of 5.3 m. Core depth was 4.42 m long and samples of moss were taken at 32 levels down core. Alt. 122 m. Horseshoe Island Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

325 cm depth in core taken from bottom of Lake "Zano" at a depth of 5.3 m. Core depth was 4.42 m long and samples of moss were taken at 32 levels down core. Alt. 122 m. Horseshoe Island Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

315 cm depth in core taken from bottom of Lake "Zano" at a depth of 5.3 m. Core depth was 4.42 m long and samples of moss were taken at 32 levels down core. Alt. 122 m. Horseshoe Island Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

270 cm depth in core taken from bottom of Lake "Zano" at a depth of 5.3 m. Core depth was 4.42 m long and samples of moss were taken at 32 levels down core. Alt. 122 m. Horseshoe Island Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

225 cm depth in core taken from bottom of Lake "Zano" at a depth of 5.3 m. Core depth was 4.42 m long and samples of moss were taken at 32 levels down core. Alt. 122 m. Horseshoe Island Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

Fuegia occidentalis, Fjordo Martinez, Bahia Sarmiento. South America, Chile

Estrepta graminosa sobre la ladera oriental del Cerro Guer Aike. Provincia Santa Cruz, Depto Guer Aike South America, Argentina

On soil associated with mummified crabeater seal. Alt. 165m. San Jose Pass, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Depressions between outcrops of marble, Alt. 100 ft. West of Heywood Lake, Three Lakes Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Moist, shaded rock crevice in north-facing cliff, c. 100 m inland from shore, not frequent, Alt. c. 50 ft. Lower end of Sorling Valley near Nordenskjold Glacier. South Georgia

Rock niches and undercut bedding planes, Alt. 500 ft. above shelf ice, Northern part of Waitabit Cliffs, c 10 miles south of Fossil Bluff, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Small niches fed by melt water trickles, Alt. c. 300 ft. above glacier level, north-facing scarp of Fossil Bluff, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

North-north-east facing joint planes, Alt. 60 ft. above glacier level, southern part of Succession Cliffs, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

South coast area of Moutonee Valley, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Moist gravel below snow bank adjacent to Flatiron Glacier, SW-facing. Alt. 500 m. Upper Flatiron, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Fine silty soil amongst shingle in overflow area of stream, but rarely flooded.With Bryum algens, Encalypta patagonica. Alt. 50m. S side of St Martha Cove, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On ledge of bluff beside stream. Quebrada Casas, Masafuera. Juan Fernandez

Prov. de Nuble, Recinto, Las Trancas, 1200 m.s.m. South America, Chile

On rock in waterfall. West facing slope of Azimuth-Faye ridge. Campbell Island

On moist sheltered soil, Alt. 100 m. By waterfalls on southern slopes Valley des Branloires, 1.5 km east of Pt. 95, by Les Deux Roquines, Possession Island. Crozet

On dry cushions of Andreaea, on south-facing cliff, Alt. 250 m. Crags on west side of head of Whale Valley, Royal Bay. South Georgia

North facing gently sloping Chorisodontium bank, Alt. 100 ft. Factory Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Amongst Polytrichum alpinum and Drepanocladus uncinatus. Flat to rolling slope. Soil fairly dry. Mix of large rocks, small rocks, stones,lappili. Alt. 8m. By lake behind Argentine Station. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On dead twigs of apple tree in garden. Alt. 3 m. Port Stanley. Falkland Islands

On gently sloping fine scree, facing-north, Alt. 90 m. Near the Spit, Gibbs Island. South Shetland Islands

Earth bank near kitchens, Grytviken. South Georgia

On old moraine behind beach, Alt. c. 25 ft. Paul Beach, near Grace Glacier, Bay of Isles. South Georgia

Bivouac Saddle. Auckland Islands

Rocky ground by the sea, Alt. 50 ft. Eliza Cove, East Falkland Island. Falkland Islands

Near vents, Alt. 150 ft. Gulch north of western lagoon, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

Amongst Rostkovia behind shore, Beach at mouth of Whale Valley, Royal Bay. South Georgia

On boulders in scree. Alt. 5-50 m. North side of Leonie Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Dry rock crevice near centre of Point, Alt. 25m. Rothera Point, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Fine dry granitic sand amongst gravel. Alt. 125 m. North end of Vegetation Island, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

Moderately exposed rock surface, Alt. 200 m. Rock outcrops overlooking Riviere du Camp, north-east of Mt. Branca, Possession Island. Crozet

Clark Peninsula Antarctica, Wilkes Sector

On rock surface near waterfall, Alt. 240 m. Slopes immediately west of junction of Malpasee River's northern branch and Malpasee River, Possession Island. Crozet

Rocks on beach, Alt. 10 ft. South side of Moltke Harbour, Royal Bay. South Georgia