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Stones and rocks around skua nest. Alt. 15m. N side of False Island Point. Vega Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Exposed rock outcrops, scree etc, Alt. 75-100 m. Upper North Valley, Bird Island. South Georgia

On rock. Alt. 20 m. Inner slope, Falkland Harbour, Christoffersen Island. South Orkney Islands

Well established, terminal moraine. Alt. 20 m. Southern Powell Island. South Orkney Islands

On dry Tortula robusta turf facing south-west, Alt. 20 m. Just south of Dartmouth Point, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

On dry moss turf on south-facing non-nitrogenous ledge, Alt. 250 m. Crags on west side of head of Whale Valley, Royal Bay. South Georgia

In rock crevices, Alt. c. 500 ft. East-facing side of Broken, above Sacramento Bight, Royal Bay. South Georgia

Amongst mosses in crevices by waterfall, Alt. c. 350 ft. Stream from Hodges Glacier to Gull Lake, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

In crevices of rock faces, Alt. c. 200 ft. West side of Olsen Valley, opposite Ruby Peak, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

Over mosses on cliff ledges, Alt. 30 ft. Knife Point, Borge Bay, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Marion Island Prince Edward Islands

On rocks, crevices. Alt. 5-20 m. Pourquoi Pas Island, W side to N of Dalgleish Bay. Antarctic Peninsula

On north-west facing scree, Alt. 240 m. East of the Spit, Gibbs Island. South Shetland Islands

Moist bank behind shore of island. Alt. 5 m. Western end of Puerto Virtudes, Isla Virtudes, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Wet rocks above lake. Alt. 20 m. Un-named bay on north-east shore of western island, Islas Rennell, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Mosses along fissure. Along crest of crater rim. Temperature 10cm 90-95oC. Alt. 100m. Ridge above Fumarole Bay, opposite Argentine Base. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

North facing granite and volcanic cliffs, Alt. 1200 ft. South side of Starbuck Glacier, Oscar II Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Oscar II Coast

Rocks on shore below gull nests, Alt. 2 m. Bay to north of Sandebugten, Barff Peninsula, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Raised beach and rock outcrop in snow bank melt area. Alt. 2-5 m. South Lagoon Island, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Loubet Coast

South shore of Husvik Harbour, near Kelp Point. South Georgia

Wet rocks by lake shore. Alt. c. 100 m. North-east shore of Lago Maravilla on south side of La Peninsula, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Provincia Magallanes. South America, Chile

Amongst Acaena slopes, north-facing, Alt. c. 100 ft. Behind Bonner Beach, Larsen Harbour. South Georgia

On north-facing exposed rock outcrops, Alt. 150-180 m. Near north-east coast, O'Brien Island. South Shetland Islands

South-facing, scree slopes beside snow patch, Alt. c. 1250 ft. North side of corrie with three lakes, north of Sandebugten, Barff Peninsula. South Georgia

On wet rocks, Alt. 1000 ft. c. 1 mile NW of Echo Pass. South Georgia

Submerged in stream. Alt. 15 m. Un-named bay on north-east shore of western island, Islas Rennell, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Crevices of wet rocks, East edge of Survey Isthmus, near mouth of river draining into Undine Harbour. South Georgia

Amongst Festuca association, east-facing, Alt. c. 100 ft. West side of Olsen Valley, oppostie to Ruby Peak, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

Large boulder below Telefon Ridge. Most plants on N face or flat top. Alt. 80m. Large boulder on Kendell Terrace below Telefon Ridge. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

Summit of peak 2.2 km WNW of Mt Kirkwood summit. Alt. 350 m. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

Largest patch of fumarole vegetation (c. 10 x 15 m) on W wall centred on a large patch of liverwort (Marchantia?). Clinker Gulch, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

On wet peat banks, Alt. c. 50 ft. Behind whaling station at east end of valley running north-west of Husvik, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

On wet rocks above shore of island. Alt. 15 m. Un-named bay on north-east shore of western island, Islas Rennell, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Ashy gravel at N side of valley with possibly some geothermal heating. Alt. 2-4 m. Valley between Kroner Lake and Ronald Hill, Whalers Bay, Deception Island South Shetland Islands

Seepage area below snow patch on plateau, Alt. 150m. Fortress Hill, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

North facing bank, Alt. 15 m. Back of cove, Robbery Beaches Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island South Shetland Islands

Sheltered pockets in exposed moraine, Alt. 1000 ft. Coldblow Col, Coronation Island. South Orkney Islands

On nitrogenous outcrop by shore, Alt. 4 m. Small bay to north of Sandebugten, Barff Peninsula. South Georgia

On dry granitic rock. Alt. 80-100 m. Kay Island (Island has large colony of snow petrels and many skuas and Wilson's petrels breeding), Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

Stones and rock. Alt. 700 m. Football Saddle, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

Dry scoria in area influenced by temporary melt water and skuas. Alt. 150 m. SW side of Cape Washington, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

On dry east-facing greywacke cliff above seal wallow, Alt. 10 m. West side of Bjornstadt Bay. South Georgia

On nitrogenous boulder on shore at edge of penguin rookery, Alt. 2 m. Bay west of Cape Charlotte, Royal Bay. South Georgia

Dry scoria plain, moist underneath. Moss between the scoria. Alt. 2m. The narrowest section between the northern lake and the sea, and slightly NE. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On ridge, Alt. c. 300 ft. Behind shore of Bird Sound, west side of Blackcap, Paryadin Ridge. South Georgia

Alt. 1323m. Hauberg Mountains, Ellsworth Land Antarctic Peninsula

Habitat not recorded, Alt. - m. Eadie Island. South Shetland Islands

On gravelly soil. Alt. 801m. Behrendt Mountains (S), Ellsworth Land Antarctic Peninsula

Upper terrace south, Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

NE slope, steep to flat. Wet. 60m x 30m. Alt. 30m. Valley to the NW of Crater Lake. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands