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On stones in damp hollow on glacial outwash plain, Alt. c. 25 ft. Konig Glacier. South Georgia

On gravel of old paths through whaling station, Alt. c. 10 ft. North Bay, Prince Olav Harbour. South Georgia

On dry boulders by edge of river, Alt. c. 200 ft. Below Orca Peak, south end of Bore Valley. South Georgia

Dry rock ledges and rock surfaces, Alt. 10-25 m. Litchfield Island, Arthur Harbour, Anvers Island, Danco Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Danco Coast

On sides of hummocks in wallows, Alt. 0 m. Centre of La Grande Manchotiere, Crique du Navire, Possession Island. Crozet

From Adielie penguin colony zonation, Spindrift, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Dry upper surfaces of loose summit rocks, Alt. c. 1,400 ft. Small outcrop on south side of Sjogren Glacier. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Nitrogenous rock ledges below Polytrichum banks, facing north, Alt. 200 ft. Observation Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On south-facing dry slightly nitrogenous cliff, Alt. 40 m. North side of Moltke Harbour, Royal Bay. South Georgia

Rock above shore. Alt. 4-5m. NE Waterpipe Beach, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Flat to rolling slope. Soil fairly dry. Mix of large rocks, small rocks, stones,lappili. Alt. 8m. By lake behind Argentine Station. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

on granitic rock, near main lake, Gondwana Station area, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

On top of gneissic bluff in scree, Alt. 100ft. Overlooking Morgan Inlet, Thurston Island. Eights Coast. Antarctica, Byrd Sector

Shirley Island. Budd Coast. Antarctica, Wilkes Sector

Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island South Shetland Islands

Wet rocks by shore of small lake and stream, Alt. c. 1200 ft. South slopes of hill, east of lake in Sorling Valley, Barff Peninsula. South Georgia

Ashy soil and scoria on N-facing slope. Alt. 40-50 m. 0.5 km NE of South East Point, Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On decaying wood of German hut remains, Alt. 10 m. 200 m west of Koppen Point, Royal Bay. South Georgia

Dry rocks used as bird perches. Alt. 2-15m. Humps Island, off NE James Ross Island Antarctic Peninsula

Stones in wall of old building. Alt. 3 m. Port Egmont. Falkland Islands

In cracks fed by melting snow patch. Alt. 1363 m. Western summit of WNW facing slopes halfway up NW side, "Twin Crown", Henriksenskjera, Dronning Maud Land. Antarctica, Maud Sector

On dead moss, moist soil below late snow beds. Alt. 25 m. Apostrophe Island, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

Typical lichens on scoria above outcrop with Brachythecium austro-salebrosum forming pure stands, and Polytrichum alpinum. Alt. 70-150m. Above W. coast, S. Kendall Terrace (due W. of Cross Hills) and W. of Stonethrow Ridge. Deception Island. South Shetlan

Wet banks of stream. Alt. c. 350 m. Sierra del Cazador, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Provincia Magallanes. South America, Chile

Near liverwort patch and active vents at base of active NW fissure on Lucifer Hill, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

On marble fragments, Alt. 140 ft. Summit of marble outcrop, Gourlay Peninsula, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On rock on dry south-facing non-nitrogenous scree slope, Alt. 100 m. North side of Wirik Bay. South Georgia

On maritime outcrop, facing north, Alt. 10 m. West side of Keller Peninsula, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

Damp rock surface between vent mouths in complex active area around the southern crater lip access point. Alt. 150 m. Bellingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

On damp (but not boggy) ground on east facing hillside with deep growth of moss on granite, Alt. 500 m. SW of Seno Ponsonby, Isla Hoste. South America, Chile

On drier parts of moss hummock bog, above treeline. Alt. 1000 m. Fiordo Andrew, Prov. Ultima Esperanza, Magallanes Region. South America, Chile

On SE facing slope, above a stream in open bog/scrub vegetation below rushes and scrub Nothofagus betuloides, Alt. 100 m. SW of Seno Ponsonby, Isla Hoste. South America, Chile

On soil and rock of yellowish tupha boulder amongst coarse scoria on plateau. Alt. 130 m. Pendulum Cove, East of Crimson Hill, Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On mossy boulders, Alt. 250 ft. Observation Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Wet stones partially submerged in stream, Alt. 25 ft. Moody Brook, near Stanley, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Festuca-Acaena grassland, Alt. 25 ft. Hestesletten, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Moist buttress with steam emerging from many fissures, Alt. 400 ft. Within main crater on west side, Bellingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

Moist, shaded rocks behind shore of island. Alt. 10 m. South shore of unnamed bay c. 1 km north of Bahia Angelica, Caleta Nantuel, Isla Vidal Gormaz, Depto. Ultima Esperanza, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Plateau President Head, Snow Island South Shetland Islands

On very moist sheltered rock surface, Alt. 180 m. Head of valley, east of Mont Branca, Possession Island. Crozet

Dry exposed rock surfaces, Alt. 600 ft. West-facing scree slopes of Mount Duse, Bore Valley. South Georgia

Around violently active steam and sulphur vents at floor of crater. Alt. 50 m. Bellingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

Christmas tree heath, Alt. 15 ft. Fish Creek, Goose Green, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

North-east facing, eroded Chorisodontium bank, partially recolonised, Alt. 200 ft. Cape Dundas, Laurie Island. South Orkney Islands

On stones and mud. Top of plateau with large volcanic boulders. Alt. 400 m. Lachman Crags, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On wood, Alt. 20 ft. Old base hut, Borge Bay, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On dry non-nitrogenous north-facing outcrop, Alt. 50 m. Small bay to north of Sandebugten, Barff Peninsula. South Georgia

On dry stones around giant petrel nests, Alt. 30 m. Midway between Calf Head and Cape Harcourt, Sacramento Bight. South Georgia

Harmony Point, Nelson Island South Shetland Islands

Juncus marsh, Alt. 25 ft. South bank of Moody Brook, near Stanley, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands