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Blown onto glacier several hundred metres from nearest exposed rock. Alt. 500 m. Upper Karrakatta Valley. South Georgia

Dry rock surfaces, Alt. 50 ft. Coastal area Cape Tuxen, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

Near Apple hut. Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Upper terrace, south of stream, Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Moist rich soil below marble outcrops. Alt. 50 m. SE of Foca Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Wet seepage area at edge of slow flowing water. 8 m above Moutonee Lake, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Rock crevice. Summit of Stork Ridge, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Loubet Coast

500 m south of site, Mars Oasis Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Fine sandy soil amongst stones. Alt. 150 m. Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Moist soil at margin of melt runnels. Alt. 32 m. Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Stone stripes at margin of Solifluction "rivers". Alt. 30 m. Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Margin of large stone in stone melt channel. Alt. 150m. Upper moraine, Mars Oasis, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

In cracks between boulders. North end of Coal Nunatak, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Shaded soil below large boulder in scree. Alt. 50 m. North side of Leonie Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Near side of a melt pool at Two-Step North, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

On moderately exposed rock surface, Alt. 280 m. Northern slopes of Mont Branca, Overlooking Riviere du Camp, Possession Island. Crozet

On dry rock surface, Alt. 280 m. Ridge north of northern branch of Malpasee River, Possession Island. Crozet

Forming large cushion on exposed boulder, Alt. 280 m. Ridge north of northern branch of Malpasee River, Possession Island. Crozet

On stones. Raised beach above high water. Alt. 2m. Beach below the Chilean station, Pendulum Cove. Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

Central zone of fumarole, about vent, Alt. c. 75 m. South flanks of cone, Belllingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

Central zone of fumarole region, Alt. c. 75 m. South slopes of Bellingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

W rim of SW crater, Lucifer Hill, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

Rock crevice, Alt. 200 ft. Bluff south of Factory Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

on bare clayey soil on the top of nunatak. Alt. 320 m. Wegger Peak above Crepin Point, MacKellar Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

in moist situation on bare earth on NW-facing slope. alt. 160 m. Pond Hill, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

Rusty Bluff, above Moraine Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Moist rock ledge. Alt. 50 m. Above Polynesia Point, Signy Island South Orkney Islands

On ashy soil, Alt. 75-100 ft. Coppermine Cove, Robert Island. South Shetland Islands

With Usnea and Andreaea on exposed ridge, Alt. 350 ft. Bluff immediately south of Factory Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Moist stony soil on broad rock ledges. Alt. 80 m. Factory Bluffs, Signy Island South Orkney Islands

Festuca grassland, Alt. 200 ft. South side of King Edward Cove, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Moist ledges with Andreaea, Conostomum, Polytrichum alpinum etc, Col to west of Rusty Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Wet crevice, Alt. 10-15 m. Sealers Hill, Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

Stable mineral soil at edge of soil stripe, Alt. 70 m. North side of Rusty Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On fine sandy soil in very exposed fellfield, Alt. 80 m. Between Factory Bluffs and Rusty Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Amongst Andreaea regularis in exposed stony fell-field, Alt. 110 m. Plateau above Factory Bluffs, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Stable margin of stone stripe and frost boils, Alt. 90 m. West side of Spindrift Col, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Amongst rocks. Alt. 500 m. W Stork Ridge, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Loubet Coast

Moist soil below rock face. Alt. 100 m. Upper slopes of Moraine Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On moist mud in frost boils, Alt. c. 20 ft. NE corner of Hestesletten, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

On moist rock face, Alt. c. 100 ft. Behind Grytviken radio hut, SW shore of King Edward Cove, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Near fumarole at S lip of crater. Alt. 150 m. Bellingshausen Island. South Sandwich Islands

On volcanic ash in the vicinity of the destroyed Chilean Station. Alt. 4 m. Pendulum Cove, Port Forster, Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On moist soil bank in cloud froest. Alt. 2600 m. Along the trail between La Aguada and La Montana, Sierra Nevada de Merida, Distrito Libertador, Venezuela. South America, Venezuela

Fuegia occidentalis, Fjordo Finlandia, in arena humida prope Ventisquero Runeberg. South America, Chile

On ground beneath Lophosoria at base of cliff. Alt. c. 4500 ft. Near summit of Los Innocentes, Masafuera. Juan Fernandez

On clay banks in the open. Near Jacksons', Teremakau Valley, c. 620 ft. New Zealand

On clay banks by roadside, Otira Gorge, c. 2000 ft. New Zealand

On stony soil. Alt. 200 m. Summit area of Rusty Bluff, Signy Island South Orkney Islands

Colonizing recently exposed base-rich gravelly soil, with Encalypta, Pottia,Bryum argenteum, Ceratodon. Alt. 80m. Between Spindrift Col and Changing Lake, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands