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In Tortula robusta turf on damp south-facing slope, Alt. 5 m. Hope Point, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

Amongst Acaena association by banks of river, Alt. c. 250 ft. About 0.5 mile inland from the whaling station, Husvik, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

Forming mats over moss on dry north-facing rock, Alt. 20 m. Just south of Dartmouth Point, Cumberland East Bay. South Georgia

On damp, sheltered, north-facing, moss bank, Alt. 10 m. Hill behind Binder Beach, Right Whale Bay. South Georgia

Festuca-Acaena heath, Alt. 200 ft. Towards east side of northern end of Olsen Valley, Stromness Bay. South Georgia

Very local on damp, sandy soil accumulated by down washing from melt water, Neny Island, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

On stones. Alt. 300 m. Summit of south peak, Lagotellerie Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On moss covered rocks on wet slope. Colour: dark brown-black. Behind field hut to north of Sorling Valley. South Georgia

On lava boulders. Alt. 30 m. North Valley, Edmonson Point North, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

Mooring Point, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Stones and boulders. East end of nunatak. Alt. 125 m. Marion Nunatak, Charcot Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Lava boulders on knoll on young lava field, Alt. c 15 m. Northern plain, near Harper Point, Saunders Island. South Sandwich Islands

On boulders and in situ rock. Alt. c.450m. Summit, Cockburn Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On rock. Alt. 30-150m. Between Adelie colony and foot of cliff, Cockburn Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On large volanic boulders. Alt. c.400m. Plateau, Cockburn Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On soil and dead moss. Alt. c.400m. Plateau, Cockburn Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Locally on sandy soil, Neny Island, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

West face of exposed boulder above beach, Alt. 30 ft. Cummings Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On dry soil and moss. Alt. 50 m. Hill to S of St Martha Cove, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On dead Schistidium and soil. Alt. c.400m. Plateau, Cockburn Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On moribund moss Alt. 100-125 m. Cape King, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

On dead moss (Hypnum sp. etc.) Alt. 15-30m. E side Lachman Crags, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Wet rock face between moss banks, facing north-west, Alt. 30 ft. Factory Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On stones, on stony mountain slopes, Alt. 550 ft. NE slopes of Vindication Island. South Sandwich Islands

Vertical rock cliffs above beach facing north-west, Alt. 100 ft. Cummings Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On dead moss, on dry stony ground at margin of solifluction lobe. Alt. 2-3 m. Near W shore of Ablation Lake to S of main stream, Ablation Valley, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

On moss/soil. Alt. 165m. Hill on S side of St. Martha Cove, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On stones and rock. Alt. 25m. Valley SW of Fortress Hill, James Ross Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On moribund moss (Sarconeurum glaciale). Alt. 85 m. Harrow Peaks, Victoria Land. Antarctica, Ross Sector

East end of nunatak. Alt. 125 m. Marion Nunatak, Charcot Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On stones and rocks, Alt. 30 m. Moraine Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On Andreaea on quartz-mica schist. Alt. 140 ft. Summit of marble outcrop, Gourlay Peninsula, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On rock fragments near gull nests. Alt. 50 ft. Largest of Thule Islands, Borge Bay, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On rock fragments near gull rookery. Alt. 30 ft. Lynch Island. South Orkney Islands

On west-facing side of sharp ridge, part of the bedrock, rocks shattered, Alt. 1450 ft. North ridge of The Pyramid, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula

On younger black lava flows. Alt. 60 m. Nellie's Humps, Marion Island. Prince Edward Islands

On bare andesite rocks in Usnea fasciata - Anreaea spp. community. Alt. 240 m. Bastion Hill between Windy Glacier and Tower Glacier, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On dry non-enriched andesite rocks in Usnea fasciata- Himantormia lugubris community. Alt. 350 m. The Tower, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On dry andesite rocks in Usnea fasciata community. Alt. 350 m. The Tower, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On dry basalt rocks on northern slope in Usnea fasciata-Himantormia lugubris community. Alt. 275 m. Jardine Peak, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On dry basalt rock faces in Usnea fasciata community, on north-western slope. Jardine Peak, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On bare rock faces in Usnea fasciata community, on E-facing slope. Alt. 260 m. Jardine Peak, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On bare andesite rock faces on SE-facing slope. Alt. 210 m. Brama (=gate) Hill between Baranowski Glacier and Tower Glacier, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On rock faces. Alt. 200 m. Brama (=gate) Hill between Baranowski Glacier and Tower Glacier, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On rocks on scree slope. Alt. 45 m. Emerald Point, Cardozo Cove, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On rocks on scree slope. Alt. 140 m. Pond Hill, Cardozo Cove, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On boulders on north-facing scree slope. Alt. 40 m. Pond Hill, Cardozo Cove, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On dry, exposed scree on N-facing slope. Alt. 130 m. Pond Hill, Cardozo Cove, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On boulders on scree slope. Alt. 20 m. Mountain ridge called Cytadela, Golden Cove, Ezcurra Inlet, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands

On andesite rocks on southern slope. Bastion Hill between Windy Glacier and Tower Glacier, Admiralty Bay, King George Island. South Shetland Islands