Explore

On eroding moss banks, Alt. 20-200 m. West side Cape Hansen, Coronation Island. South Orkney Islands

On dry surface of rock S face, Alt. 12 m. Flat area on top of rock bluff above Dragon Cove N, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

Tonalite rocks. Large adelie rookerie (1500 nests) nearby.N sloping, close to sea. Extensive snow cover. Alt. 4m. Island in Armstrong Reef off SW Renaud Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Gabbro island, largely snow covered at this time of year. Very exposed to weather and sea. Samples from exposed boulders, Alt. 9m. Islands on W side of Hugo Island ice cap, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

On steep E facing cliffs of a small rocky islet of 7m. No other lichens. Cliffs moist from snow melt. Alt. 5m Islet S of Belding Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Rocky headland at foot of snow slope leading to ice cap. Extensive lichen cover & moist areas. Skua nests. Alt. 3m. Snodgrass Island, SW side, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Diorite rocks, heavy snow cover and terns nesting nearby, Alt. 4 m. Island S of Renaud Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Tonalite rocks with numerous skua nests, Alt. 5 m. Flat topped islet in Armstrong Reef, off Renaud Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

N facing diorite rocks on coast below ice cap, Alt. 10 m. Trundle Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Gabbro rocks with extensive lichen cover and nesting adelies, Alt. 4 m. Small islet NW of Lively Point, Renaud Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Small island up to 4m in height. Alt. 3 m. Paluso Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Rocks on flat summit of island with skua nests nearby, Alt. 6 m. Small islet SW of Speerschneider Point, Renaud Island, Biscoe Islands. Antarctic Peninsula

Dry scree, Alt. 30 m. Scree below N face Sayer Nunatak, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

North-facing very spartan, Alt. 600 m. Mussorgsky Peaks, Beethoven Peninsula, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

North-facing, exposed to sun, Alt. 400 m. NW buttress, northern Planet Heights, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Found at all aspects to the sun and from vertical to horizontal but not overhanging clean rock, Alt. 300 m. NW buttress, northern Planet Heights, Alexander Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Alexander Island

Dry rock outcrop, Alt. 45 m. North of Cooper Island. South Georgia

Peat bank at boundary of tussock and scree, Alt. 45 m. North of Cooper Island. South Georgia

Bare patches of unstable angular scree in snowfield, flat often in shade, Alt. 225 m. Valley on north side of Trendall Crag. South Georgia

Near the base hut, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

North facing small rock ledges, Alt. 12 m. South of central gully, Cormorant Island, Danco Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Danco Coast

On moss, Alt. 259 m. ridge of bluff, 0.5 km. SW of Endurance Glacier, Elephant Island. South Shetland Islands

On moss, Alt. 223 m. slopes behind shore 3 km. SW of Walker Point, Elephant Island. South Shetland Islands

On rock, Alt. 183 m. slopes behind shore 3 km. SW of Walker Point, Elephant Island. South Shetland Islands

Elephant Island South Shetland Islands

On Drepanocladus in sheltered hollows amongst rock in moraine, Alt. 35 m. West end of moraine, south of Charity Glacier, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

On moss, on scree at edge of cliffs, spreading down to shore, Alt. 60 m. Edge of flat area, South of Clark Nunatak, Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

On beach pebbles, Alt. 3 m. Spit Point, Yankee Harbour, Greenwich Island. South Shetland Islands

On beach pebbles, Alt. 3 m. North-east part of Duff Point, Greenwich Island. South Shetland Islands

Scattered steep ridge, little rock exposed, dry, Alt. 470 m. Top of peak above Cape Constance. South Georgia

Flat sheltered, dry stonefield, Alt. 420 m. Ridge on west side of Fortune Bay. South Georgia

Firmly attatched in lines of weakness on upper surface of bedrock, Alt. c. 180 ft. small steep-sided, flat-topped cape on north-west corner of d'Urville Island, Joinville Island Group. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Low promontory Near old penguin rookery, Bailey Head, Deception Island. South Shetland Islands

On steep north-facing scree slope, Alt. c. 150 ft. near Scar Hills, south, northern side of Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Dirty humus in crevice of rock, Alt. 327 ft. summit of Scar Hills, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Very small colonies on sides of lines of weakness of projecting rocks, Alt. 327 ft. Summit of Scar Hills, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Clean, dry, north-facing rocks below summit, Alt. c. 440 ft. Andersson Nunatak, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Sides and upper surfaces of both loose stones and rock, Alt. c. 600 ft. small cliff at SW corner of Larsen Inlet, Nordenskjold Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Nordenskjold Coast

Exposed surfaces of roughrock on lines if weakness, Alt. c. 886 ft. Nobby Nunatak, south side of Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Upper surface of exposed bedrock, ALt. 327 ft. Summit of Scar Hills, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Upper flat surface of dry rock, Alt. 327 ft. Summit of Scar Hills, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Rock surfaces, Alt. 1200 ft. Ceritos rocks, Mount Usborne, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

On dead vegetation, Alt. 2000 ft. South side of Mount Usborne, above Ceritos, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Festuca heath, Alt. 1950 ft. by side of tarn, North side of Mount Usborne, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

On moss on rock, with Racomitrium sp. Alt. 2100 ft. North side of Mount Usborne, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Dry shaded coastal rock, forming circular colony 29 x 23 cm. Alt. 2-10 m. Jason Island. South Georgia

N face, Found on scree, Alt. 5 m. Eckener Point, Brabant Island. Antarctic Peninsula

On rock S facing slope, Alt. 70 m. N side of Johnsons Dock, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

N slope, Alt. 7 m. Bonaparte Point, Anvers Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Large rock, N face, Alt. 3 m. Bonaparte Point, Anvers Island. Antarctic Peninsula