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South east facing rock surface sloping to sea at 40 deg. Alt. 5 m. Depeaux Point, south east point of Petermann Island, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

Exposed rock face especially along fissures, near the base hut, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

Dry boulders in penguin rookery. Alt. 10 m. Barnard Point, Livingston Island. South Shetland Islands

Damp rocks between larger stones, Alt. c. 140 ft. near south-east shore of Lake Boeckella, Hope Bay. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Inclined rocks near sea, Alt. 50 ft. Rock outcrop near BAS station, Adelaide Island, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

On flat area of broken rock near coast, Alt. 25 ft. South end of Stonington Island, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

On large boulders in penguin rookery, Alt. 25 ft. By SE corner of eastern lagoon, Candlemas Island. South Sandwich Islands

Near the base hut, southern part of Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

On rock in Adelie penguin rookery, Hope Bay, north-east shore of Trinity Peninsula. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Margin of melt-water pool in Adelie penguin rookery, Hope Bay, north-east shore of Trinity Peninsula. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Water soaked hollow, on north-facing slope of ridge, Hope Bay, north-east shore of Trinity Peninsula. Antarctic Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, East Coast

Rock exposures, South-east corner of Winter Island, overlooking Stella Creek, Argentine Islands,Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

On rock in very narrow crevices, between Xanthoria elegans, on N-side of the hill. Alt. 20 m. Highest hill near the coast, NW part of Cuverville Island. Antarctic Peninsula, Danco Coast

Locally frequent on stones at foot of scree, Alt. up to 100 m. Neny Island, Fallieres Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Fallieres Coast

On concrete wall of freezer-store foundations. Alt. 1 m. Husvik station. South Georgia

Exposed rocks near shore. Alt. 2-3 m. North side of Leonie Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Rocks above shore. Alt. 3 m. North Point (SSSI), Rothera Point, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Fissures in smooth bedrock. Alt. 2-3 m. North Point of Rothera Point, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Rock overhang. Alt. 8 m. North side of Rothera Point, Adelaide Island. Antarctic Peninsula

Wet shaded rock face. Alt. 50 m. Cliffs above Cemetery Bay, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

In rock pool above high water mark, Alt. 10 m. By food depot, south side of Rasmussen Island, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

On rock on middle terrace. Alt. 50 m. Allen Point, Montagu Island. South Sandwich Islands

On moist rocks by shore. Alt. 10-15m. North-west corner of Darboux Island, Argentine Islands, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula

On moribund moss (Andreaea and Dicranoweisia) in shaded rock crevice. Alt. 85 m. Factory Bluffs, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Slope complex, common in well protected clefts. Alt. 80 m. Albatross Lake No. 3, Marion Island. Prince Edward Islands

On stone and boulders. Alt. 75m. Moraine Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On dead Andreaea, Alt. c. 150 ft. north end of Moraine Valley, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

On damp moss (Andreaea, Psilopilum) and liverworts. Alt. 70 m. Moraine Valley, Signy Island South Orkney Islands

Encrusting soil and dead moss. Alt. 40 m. Above Mooring Point, Signy Island South Orkney Islands

Dry rock face on cliff near shore, Alt. 30 ft. North of lower end of Sorling Valley, Barff Peninsula. South Georgia

On rock. Hebe-scrub on steep slope and cliffs facing The Woolly Gut, Westpoint Island. Falkland Islands

On soil bank between tussock. Alt, 40 ft. Tussock grassland N of shanty, Kidney island. Falkland Islands

Moist crevice near shore. Alt. c. 2 m. Cliffs to north-east of Hope Point, below east side of Mount Duse. South Georgia

Peat under willow tree, Alt. 50 ft. Darwin, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Damp wood, by well, Alt. 15 ft. Darwin Green, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Moist, poorly covered acid ground, Alt. 5 ft. Head of Fish Creek, Goose Green, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

Amongst short vegetation, 50 ft from sea, Alt. 20 ft. One mile west of Stanley, East Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands

On moist rocks, near waterfall, Alt. 250 ft. Jumbo Cove. South Georgia

Moist rocks, ledges and crevices, Alt. c. 250 m. North side of Mount Hodges. South Georgia

On trunks of Nothofagus pumilio in Nothofagus pumilio forest. Eastern shore of Lago El Parrillar, Peninsula Brunswick, Depto. Magallanes, Prov. Magallanes. South America, Chile

Forming small sheets on sheltered vertical rocks, Laggard Island, Danco Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Danco Coast

Sheltered hollow in Polytrichum bank on NW facing slope, Alt. 50 ft. Coast by Stella Creek, Galindez Island, Argentine Islands. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

Sheltered moist crevices on overhang, Alt. 60 ft. North end of Uruguay Island, Argentine Islands, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

On sides of runnels on north facing slopes, in polytrichum turf, Alt. 300 ft. Rasmussen Island, Graham Coast. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

Forming dense erect tuft in a Polytrichum bank, Alt. 100 ft. Coast by Meek Channel, Galindez Island, Argentine Islands. Antarctic Peninsula, Graham Coast

In fissure amongst moss (Chorisodontium-Polytrichum) turf. Alt. 40 m. Observation Bluff, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands

Moist rocks and ledges, Alt. c. 85 ft. Above King Edward Point, south side Mount Duse. South Georgia

Sobre suelo entre rocas, limite superior del bosque. Alt. c. 300 m. Provincia Santa Cruz, Depto Guer Aike. Faldeos precordilleranos a 8 km N de Estancia La Dorotea. South America, Argentina

Sobre piedras nival subalpino. Alt. c. 1000 m. Provincia Santa Cruz, Depto Guer Aike. Meseta Latorre. South America, Argentina

Seepage area amongst rocks. Alt. 80 m. Slope behind BAS station, Factory Cove, Signy Island. South Orkney Islands