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Herb; found in gullies (rural roads).

Found in open grass land; whitish green flower in dense spike.

Grown wildly; climber; used to make ropes.

Herb; leaves opposite, flower terminal, white.

Nagarkot, Bhaktapur district, central Nepal

Shrub found in cultivated grassland and wastelands.

Shrub; rocky river bank; used for making beverages.

Twinning herb; in garden, waste places and on hedges.

Herb growing along roadside; flower dark pink coloured.

Climber; side of the trail; red flower.

Herb; purple flower; in association with Cyperaceae.

Twining herb; leaves 3 lobed; flowers purple.

This species has also been collected from Dhulikhel at on altitude of 1560 m.

On agriculture field, moist and shady places; stem & leaves hairy, sepals green.

The plant is used in bleeding, diarrohea, excessive menstruation.

Shrubs; use for hedge.

Charali, Jhapa district, eastern Nepal

Can be used as ornamental plant.

Aspara, Dang district, western Nepal

Herb on maize field, moist and shady places; stem & leaves hairy, semi prostrate, white latex.

Found on roadside agro ecosystem, moist place; flower white, cottony at maturity, seed black brown; used for cough.

This species has also been collected from Dhulikhel; occurring on moist waste places.

Perennial; much branched; growing along roadside.

Climber; along plants of waste land.

Herb; agricultural land and settlement; yellow flower.

Shrub to 5 m.; flowers yellow and pink; roadside fallowland.

Shrub to 50 cm.; anthers and filaments pink; roadside fallow land.

Herb; open moist ground.

Found on roadside agro ecosystem, on marshy land; fruit redish and smooth.

Sleshmantak Ban, Kathmandu district, central Nepal

Naghmani, Bara district, central Nepal

Herb; having medicinal value.

Herb; leaves simple, opposite, pubescent, but ray and disk floret present.

Found on roadside agro ecosystem; climbing on Mallotus philipensis; leaves hairy.

Prostrate prickly herb with ascending branches; flower pink; roadside and fallowland.

Herb; spiny stem; pink flower.

Shrub on agro ecosysten, on moist & shady places in roadside; leaves course, flower yellow & red, fruits green.

Procumbent herb.

Small creeping herb; flower greenish; commonly found in open roadside.

Bankatti, Dang district, western Nepal

Herb; found on agriculture land, moist & shady places; stem hairy, flower white.

Herb; shrub land and agriculture land.

Climber found on shady places; flowers light purple, sepal green, hairy.

On agriculture field, moist places; stem & leaves hairy, flower white.

Herb; leaves alternate, floret reddish in colour.

Climbing shrub found in foreset floor.

On south facing slopes, climber on Berberis sp., leaves hairy, flower white.

Ascending shrub to 70 cm.; flowers pink, young fruits green covered with brown hairs; river and roadside fallow land.

Collected on the way to Khathar.

Subshrubby herb; grassland; pink flower which is spiny, associated species are Cynodon, Eupatorium, etc.